Chapter ten

                         Chapter Ten: Searching for Information with Field Research Methods

This chapter is explaining how to get information from five research methods i.e. interviews, observations, surveys, correspondence and from the media.

Field research is another way to collect information and learn about the issue. There are certain situations that predispose the use of this method i.e. to gain a new perspective, if the issue is considered settled, the line of argument was never presented before and if you think it would be strengthen by including first hand reports.

When doing an interview there are many considerations: the interview must be planned, who to interview, what to ask, how to conduct the interview, how to record the interview, and lastly analyzing the results. Analysis of the interview is basically being critical of the source in order to find new information, ideas and arguments, check for consistency, if points are relevant, check if the person you interviewed is credible and anything that would provide context to the issue.

Observation could be used to get valuable first hand information about an issue. Observation should be planned. Considerations include what should be observed and how often, what to look for, and whether or not permission is needed. Again the results must be analyzed.

Surveys are useful to answer what or who questions, but not why or how questions. Surveys also must be planned. Considerations for surveys include whom to survey, what to ask, how to ask it, whether questions are clear, and how to distribute the surveys. Analyzing the survey is also important. It is crucial to keep survey short i.e. under one page, a 60 % response rate is acceptable. Maintaining confidentiality is important.

Correspondence is another example of a field research method. It includes textual communication such as letters, faxes, e-mail and social media. Good manners are important when doing correspondence.  They can be used from variety of people from eye witnesses to experts.

The media is a useful source for information. The same principal for this method is to take notes, request transcripts, record audio or visual, view information critically and cite the sources.